抵抗女性生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的免疫新策略

沙眼衣原体是引起沙眼和泌尿生殖道感染的主要病原体。据世界卫生组织2015年统计,全球每年约有1.3亿沙眼衣原体感染新发病例。研究表明CD4^+Th1型细胞免疫应答在抵抗沙眼衣原体感染中发挥着重要作用。因此,研究者依照抗沙眼衣原体感染的免疫应答特点,构建出许多候选疫苗,但都没有成功地应用于临床。近年研究发现,生殖道黏膜组织不仅存在体液免疫和细胞免疫,还驻留着一些引人注目的免疫细胞,提示增强黏膜免疫可作为预防沙眼衣原体感染的潜在途径,是抵抗生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的免疫新策略。本文全面概述了黏膜免疫与女性生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的研究进展,并为今后研制沙眼衣原体疫苗提供一些建议。

A new immunization strategy against Chlamydia trachomatis infection in female genital tract

Chlamydia trachomatis is the main pathogen of trachoma and genitourinary infections. According to the World Health Organization(2015) statistics, there are about 130 million new cases of Chlamydia trachomatis infection every year in the world. Studies have shown that CD4^+Th1 cellular immune response plays an important role in resistance to Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Therefore, based on the immune response characteristics of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the researchers constructed many candidate vaccines, but none of them were successfully applied in clinic. In recent years, it has been found that there are not only humoral immunity and cellular immunity, but also some noticeable immune cells resident in mucosa of reproductive tract, suggesting that enhancing mucosa immunity can be used as a potential way to prevent Chlamydia trachomatis infection. It is a new immunization strategy against Chlamydia trachomatis infection in reproductive tract. In this paper, the progress of mucosa immunization and Chlamydia trachomatis infection in female reproductive tract is reviewed, and some suggestions for the de velopment of Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine in the future are provided.