采用稳定同位素技术判定喀斯特地区植物水分来源的挑战与可能应对方案

占全球陆地面积约15%的喀斯特地区,有着不同于绝大多数非喀斯特地区的水文地质结构,使得许多在非喀斯特地区行之有效的研究方法难以直接用于喀斯特地区,而且这种限制在植物水分来源的研究上体现得尤为明显.本文从为什么要在喀斯特地区开展植物水分来源的研究、为什么一定要用稳定同位素的方法、使用该方法在喀斯特地区有何挑战,以及应对这些挑战的可能解决方案是什么等4个方面,综述了喀斯特地区植物水分来源研究普遍关注问题的由来和可能应对方案.文中重点阐述了与其他方法相比,稳定同位素技术在喀斯特地区植物水分来源研究中的优势以及难以完全满足其前提条件的挑战,结合现有相关研究的有益探索,提出在喀斯特地区的研究不必过分追求对各水源在具体深度上的细致划分,从水源特性的角度进行区分是更为适宜的途径.

Challenges and probable solutions for using stable isotope techniques to identify plant water sources in karst regions: A review

Karst regions, which account for about 15% of the terrestrial surface area, are characte-rized by specific hydrogeological structure different from most non-karst regions. Thus, many research methods that are used in non-karst regions cannot be directly used in karst regions. This issue is especially relevant to research on plant water sources. In this paper, origins and possible solutions to the common problems associated with research on water sources used by karst plant species were reviewed. Four questions were addressed: 1) why is it important to determine plant water source in karst regions? 2) Why are stable isotopes used? 3) What are the challenges associated with using stable isotopes in karst regions? 4) What are the probable solutions for these challenges? This review emphasized the advantages of using stable isotope techniques to identify sources of water used by karst plant species and the challenges associated with satisfying the prerequisites of this method. It is suggested that sources of water used by plant species in karst regions need not to be divided into specific depths and the method of identifying sources of water used by plant species based on their hydrologic properties was much applicable.