河南省新育成8个小麦品种(系)幼胚培养再生性能评价

从新育成的小麦品种中筛选组织培养再生能力强的基因型,对于利用基因工程途径改良小麦具有重要意义。本研究以河南省近几年育成的8个小麦品种(系)的幼胚为材料,研究3种生长素2,4-D、Dicamba、Picloram对8个小麦品种(系)较大幼胚再生的影响,以及品种间再生能力的差异。结果发现培养基中添加Dicamba时,8个品种(系)的再生率达189%以上,其中郑麦1836和中育1439等6个品种(系)的再生率超过了400%;添加Picloram时,8个品种(系)的再生率均在210%以上,其中郑麦1860和郑麦5135等4个品种(系)的再生率超过了470%;添加2,4-D时,郑麦7698、郑麦0856和郑麦9023没有获得再生植株,郑麦1860和郑麦1836的再生率低于60%,中育1439再生率最高,其次为郑麦5135和郑麦1354。结果表明,小麦较大幼胚植株再生最适宜的生长素为Dicamba,其次为Picloram,不同小麦品种(系)适宜的生长素有所不同;在8个小麦品种(系)中,再生能力最强的基因型为中育1439,其次为郑麦5135、郑麦5135和郑麦1354。

Evaluation of Plant Regeneration Ability of Immature Embryos from Eight New Wheat Varieties or lines Developed in Henan Province

Screening wheat genotypes with high plant regeneration potential from freshly released commercial wheat varieties will be great beneficial to the improvement of this crop by genetic engineering strategy. By using the immature embryos of eight new wheat cultivars developed in recent years in Henan province as materials, the effect of three auxins 2,4-D, dicamba, and picloram on plant regeneration of larger immature embryos of the eight varieties was studied. In the case of adding dicamba on callus induction medium, plant regeneration efficiency of all the tested wheat varieties was more than 189%, among which the regeneration efficiency of six varieties such as Zhengmai1836 and Zhongyu1439 was over 400%. Under the circumstances that picloram was applied in callus initiation medium, plant regeneration efficiency of the eight wheat varieties was more than 210%, among which the regeneration efficiency of four varieties such as Zhengmai1860 and Zhengmai5135 was over 1100%. In the condition of 2,4-D used on calluse initiation medium, Zhongyu1439 showed the highest regeneration ability followed by Zhengmai5135 and Zhengmai1354, while a regeneration efficiency less than 60% was obtained in Zhengmai1860 and Zhengmai1836 and nothing happened in Zhengmai7698, Zhengmai0856, and Zhengmai9023. Results indicated the optimal auxin for the plant regeneration of larger immature wheat embryos is dicamba followed by picloram, but it also showed slight difference in different wheat varieties. In the tested eight wheat varieties, the order of the first four wheat lines based on regeneration potential of their immature embryos was Zhongyu1439, Zhengmai5135, Zhengmai5135 and Zhengmai1354.