HSV—2阴道感染并诱导小鼠阴道粘膜上皮细胞凋亡

最近的报道指出，某些病毒有诱导体外细胞凋亡的作用，借以限制病毒的扩散。为探讨ＨＳＶ－２在体内诱导细胞凋亡的效果及其形态学特点，用 ＨＳＶ－２ ３３３株感染小鼠阴道，于感染后不同天数处死动物，取其阴道，固定于１０％中性福尔马林，ＴＵＮＥＬ末端标记染色显示凋亡的细胞，光镜下进行原位观察。结果显示：感染后的第１天粘膜上皮内即出现大量的凋亡细胞，第２天至１１天凋亡细胞的数量及在上皮内的分布范围达最高水平。早期的凋亡细胞见于感染后所有标本，其核染色质形态及分布似正常细胞，但它被ＴＵＮＥＬ标记染成棕黄色；晚期的凋亡细胞亦见于所有标本，其胞核缩小，染色质浓缩并在核周边集聚，核中心空化。载有凋亡细胞的上皮在阴道粘膜上分布很广，最广的可占全阴道上皮的２／３。同时可见ＨＳＶ．２引起的上皮细胞坏死及疱疹形成，二者均由凋亡细胞包围。凋亡细胞不断地由上皮表面脱落至阴道，未见凋亡小体及吞噬现象。结果提示，ＨＳＶ－２ ３３３株阴道感染可同时诱导细胞坏死及凋亡，细胞凋亡可能在限制病毒产生子代及限制感染区域扩展起重要作用。

Apoptosis of Vaginal Epithelial Cells Induced by Infection of HSV-2 in Mice

Recently some reports have shown that some viruses could i nduce apoptosis of infected cells in uitro to limit their spread. To clarify the effect of HSV-2 strain 333 on induction of apoptosis and its morphological char a cters in vaginal epithelia the mice were infected with the virus intravaginally, and killed at the intervals between day 1-11 post infection(P.I.). The vagina s were taken and fixed in 10% neutral formalin for paraffinembeding section and TU NEL staining to demonstrate apoptosis. The results were as follows. Numerous apoptotic cells appeared in the epithelia on the first day of infection, the number of the apoptotic cells reached to a high level on day 2-11 P.I.. At early stage of apoptosis, the cell nuclei displayed normal, but their chromatin were stained by TUNEL staining. When the chromatin condensed and migrated to the periphery, then left a blank space in the center of the nuclei. The apoptotic area spread w idely, occupying 1/4-2/4 of the vaginal epithelia. At the same time, the necroti c areas and herpeticvesicles in the epithelia could be found to restrict only in some areas not as widely as the apoptotic areas and were surrounded by the apo ptotic areas The apoptotic cells fell off into the vaginal lumen without forming apoptotic bodies and phagocyosis. The results showed that the HSV-2 strain 333 could induce apoptosis and necrosis of vaginal mucosal epithelia at the same tim e in mice. The apoptosis might play an important role in limiting both the range of viral spreading and the production of progeny virus.