Baculovirus activates murine dendritic cells and induces non-specific NK cell and T cell immune responses |
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Authors: | Tomoyuki Suzuki Masayuki Kitajima |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan b High Technology Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan c Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason 1201, Ninth Avenue Seattle, WA 98101-2795, USA |
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Abstract: | We previously reported that the baculovirus induced a strong host immune response against infections and malignancies. Among the immune cells, the dendritic cells were most strongly infected and activated by the baculovirus, although the exact mechanism remained unclear. Here, we evaluated the non-specific immune responses of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) after infection by a wild-type baculovirus. MHC class I and II molecules and co-stimulation molecules (CD40, CD80, and CD86) on BMDCs were up-regulated by baculovirus infection. At the same time, the BMDCs produced pre-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL12p70, and TNF-α) and IFN-α. NK cells showed IFN-γ production, CD69 up-regulation, and enhanced cytotoxicity when they were co-cultured with baculovirus-infected BMDCs. T cells showed IFN-γ production, CD69 up-regulation, and cell proliferation. Ex vivo analysis performed in vitro produced similar results. These findings suggested that baculovirus-infected dendritic cells induce non-specific immune responses and can be used as an immunotherapeutic agent against viral infections and malignancies, together with present therapeutic drug regimens. |
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Keywords: | Baculovirus Dendritic cell Cytokines Cytotoxicity Ex vivo |
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