Identification and functional characterization of phenylglycine biosynthetic genes involved in pristinamycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces pristinaespiralis |
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Authors: | Mast Yvonne J Wohlleben Wolfgang Schinko Eva |
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Affiliation: | Mikrobiologie/Biotechnologie, Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin, Fakultät für Biologie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany |
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Abstract: | Pristinamycin I (PI), a streptogramin type B antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pristinaespiralis, contains the aproteinogenic amino acid l-phenylglycine. Recent sequence analysis led to the identification of a set of putative phenylglycine biosynthetic genes. Successive inactivation of the individual genes resulted in a loss of PI production. Production was restored by supplementation with externally added l-phenylglycine, which demonstrates that these genes are involved in phenylglycine biosynthesis and thus probably disclosing the last essential pristinamycin biosynthetic genes. Finally, a putative pathway for phenylglycine synthesis is proposed. |
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Keywords: | Dpg, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine Hpg, 4-hydroxyphenylglycine HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography HPLC-DAD, HPLC-diode array detection MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus NRPS, nonribosomal peptide synthetase ORF, open reading frame PI, pristinamycin I PII, pristinamycin II PCR, polymerase chain reaction Phg, phenylglycine pgl, designation of the phenylglycine genes VREF, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium |
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