The Contribution of Tropical Secondary Forest Fragments to the Conservation of Fruit-feeding Butterflies: Effects of Isolation and Age |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Dorthe?VeddelerEmail author Christian?H?Schulze Ingolf?Steffan-Dewenter Damayanti?Buchori Teja?Tscharntke |
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Institution: | (1) Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Waldweg 26, D-37073 Goettingen, Germany;(2) Department of Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany;(3) Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, JL. Raya Pajajaran, Institut Pertanian Bogor, 16144 Bogor, Indonesia |
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Abstract: | Concomitant with the rapid loss of tropical mature forests, the relative abundance of secondary forests is increasing steadily
and the latter are therefore of growing interest for conservation. We analysed species richness of fruit-feeding nymphalid
butterflies in secondary forest fragments of different age and isolation and in mature forest at the eastern margin of the
Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. From April to August 2001 we collected 2322 individuals of fruit-feeding
butterflies, belonging to 33 species. Butterfly species richness increased with succession, but was significantly higher in
mature forests than in all types of secondary forest. Isolation of the forest fragments did not have a significant effect
on butterfly species richness in the range of distances (up to 1700 m) studied. Rather it appeared to affect only a few species.
Species richness of endemic species was higher than of non-endemic species. Although endemic species were most diverse in
mature forests, many species captured were restricted to secondary forests. Our results show that mature forest is essential
for the conservation of nymphalid butterflies and for the endemic species in this area. However, considering the relatively
large number of species found in these rather small habitat islands, secondary forest fragments, especially older successional
stages, can be taken into account in conservation efforts and thus contribute to the preservation of tropical biodiversity
on a landscape scale. |
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Keywords: | Endemic species Isolation Landscape Species richness Secondary forests Succession Tropical forests |
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