稀土叶面肥对葡萄园节肢动物群落多样性和稳定性的影响

为了明确施用稀土镧和钕的叶面肥对江淮丘陵和黄河故道葡萄园节肢动物群落多样性和稳定性的影响,通过系统调查和t检验得出,肥东县和萧县两地镧和钕与清水(CK1)和醋液(CK2)之间,捕食性天敌的物种数和个体数、植食性昆虫物种数和个体数和总群落的多样性指数差异均不显著。总群落物种数与个体数的比值(稳定性值),肥东镧和钕与CK1之间t值为0.5592和1.0922,与CK2之间t值为1.2407和1.9178;萧县镧和钕与CK1之间t值为0.3533和0.8969,与CK2之间的t值为0.7067和0.4484;t值均小于t0.05(2.07),其群落稳定性差异均不显著,表明镧和钕叶面肥对葡萄园节肢动物群落多样性和稳定性影响不显著。对12次调查的捕食性天敌和植食性昆虫的物种数比值(Sn/Sp)进行分析,肥东喷镧和喷钕处理与CK1之间Sn/Sp的比值t检验的t值为0.5111和0.1499,与CK2的t值为0.1146和0.2466,CK1与CK2的t值为0.3476;萧县喷镧和喷钕处理与CK1之间Sn/Sp的比值t检验的t值为0.0976和0.0547,与CK2的t值为0.0975和0.1749,CK1与CK2的t值为0.2337,t值均小于t0.05,他们之间差异均不显著,表明两地两种稀土叶面肥对葡萄园节肢动物群落内食物网络关系的复杂性影响不显著。对12次调查捕食性天敌和植食性昆虫的个体数比值(Sa/Sb)进行分析,肥东喷镧和喷钕处理与CK1之间Sa/Sb的比值t检验的t值为0.9427和0.9727,与CK2的t值为0.5023和0.5342,CK1与CK2的t值为0.4957;萧县喷镧和喷钕处理与CK1之间Sa/Sb的比值t检验的t值为0.8820和0.0345,与CK2的t值为0.0741和1.0572,CK1与CK2的t值为0.8571,t值均小于t0.05,它们之间差异均不显著,表明两地两种稀土叶面肥对葡萄园节肢动物群落内食物网络关系的益害比影响不显著。

The influences of rare earth foliar fertilizer on arthropod community diversity and stability in grapery

In order to understand the effects of the foliar fertilizer of spraying rare earth lanthanum and neodymium on arthropod community diversity and stability in grapery, in the present work, systematic investigations were carried out in Feidong of Yangtzi-Huai hills and Xiaoxian of Huanghe River old way. The results of a paired t-testing showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the species and individual numbers of predatory natural enemies and herbivorous insects as well as total community diversity between the two control treatments and the two fertilizer treatments in both Feidong and Xiaoxian( all t values < t0.05 = 2.07). The further statistical analysis demonstrated that the t values between CK1 and lanthanum as well as neodymium treatments were, respectively, 0.5592 and 1.0922 in Feidong, whilst 0.3533 and 0.8969 in Xiaoxian, and the t values between CK2 and lanthanum as well as neodymium treatments were, respectively, 1.2407 and 1.9178 in Feidong, while 0.7067 and 0.4484 in Xiaoxian, showing that all t values were lower than 2.07 (t0.05 value ), which indicated that no statistically significant differences existed between total community stability in both Feidong and Xiaoxian. These above results revealed that the foliar fertilizer of spraying rare earth lanthanum and the neodymium had no significant effects on arthropod community diversity and stability in grapery. Furthermore, the species numbers of predatory natural enemies (Sn) and herbivorous insects (Sp) also was further surveyed. The statistical results indicated that the t values for the value of the Sn/Sp ratio between CK1 and the rare earth lanthanum fertilizer as well as the rare earth neodymium fertilizer were, respectively, 0.5111 and 0.1499 in Feidong, and 0.0976 and 0.0547 in Xiaoxian; and respectively 0.1146 and 0.2466 in Feidong, and 0.0975 and 0.1749 in Xiaoxian between CK2 and the two fertilizer treatments; as well as 0.3476 in Feidong, and 0.2337 in Xiaoxian between CK1 and CK2. The above findings demonstrated that all t values are lower than 2.07(t0.05 value), indicating that no statistically significant differences in the value of the Sn/Sp ratio existed within the two control treatments and the two fertilizer treatments in both Feidong and Xiaoxian. The results seemed to imply that foliar fertilizer of spraying rare earth lanthanum and the neodymium had no significant effects on the food web complexity of arthropod community in grapery. Finally, the individual numbers of predatory natural enemies (Sa) and herbivorous insects (Sb) also was further analyzed. The statistical analyses showed that the t values for the value of the Sa/Sb ratio between CK1 and the rare earth lanthanum fertilizer as well as the rare earth neodymium fertilizer were, respectively, 0.9427 and 0.9727 in Feidong and 0.8820 and 0.0345 in Xiaoxian; and respectively 0.5023 and 0.5342 in Feidong and 0.0741 and 1.0572 in Xiaoxian between CK2 and the two fertilizer treatments; as well as 0.4957 in Feidong and 0.8571 in Xiaoxian between CK1 and CK2. All t values are also lower than 2.07(t0.05 value), suggesting that no statistically significant differences in the value of the Sa/Sb ratio existed within the two control treatments and the two fertilizer treatments in both Feidong and Xiaoxian. The results indicated that foliar fertilizer of spraying rare earth lanthanum and the neodymium had no significant effects on the average ratio of beneficial insects and pest insects within food webs of arthropod community in grapery.