黔金丝猴食性及社会结构的初步研究

黔金丝猴(Rhinopithecus brelichi)是我国一级重点保护动物,仅分布于贵州梵净山狭小范围内(杨业勤,2002),被IUCN列为"濒危种"(IUCN, 2007).它自1903年由Thomas命名后,直到1965年才出现一些生态方面的报道(彭鸿绶等,1965),20世纪80年代,Tan(1985)、马世来等(1988)零星报道了一些黔金丝猴生态学方面的工作.

Preliminary report on the diet and social structure of gray snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi) at Yangaoping,Guizhou,China

From August 2007 to June 2008,the diet and social structure of a group of gray snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi) were studied at Yangaoping in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve,Guizhou. The results revealed that the gray snub-nosed monkey mainly fed on leaves,buds,fruits and flowers,accounting for 33.5%, 29.1%, 24.3%, and 6.9% of their diet,respectively. Besides those main food items,bark,calyxes and insects were also recorded. The social unit of the species is multi-female,single-male units,and these social units (or families)often ranged and rested together in large,semi-cohesive bands. At least one all-male unit,which was composed of 2 - 5 adult and sub-adult males was found on the periphery of the bands. The adult sex ratio (male vs female,excepting the all-male group)was 1∶2.5. These bands displayed a temporary fission-fusion phenomenon. In summer and autumn the bands form large aggregations of over 400 animals,but in winter the bands split up temporarily into several small groups with 50 - 200 animals.