肠道细菌产酸克雷伯氏菌及其挥发性物质对斑翅果蝇成虫的引诱效果

【目的】明确肠道细菌产酸克雷伯氏菌Klebsiella oxytoca对斑翅果蝇Drosophila suzukii的引诱效果，并鉴定和验证该菌挥发性物质对斑翅果蝇成虫的引诱效果。【方法】在无寄主植物和有寄主植物（巨蜂葡萄）的条件下，测定并分析产酸克雷伯氏菌和NB培养基(对照)的上清液对斑翅果蝇成虫的诱集比例以及被引诱成虫的雌雄性比；利用气相色谱质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)分别鉴定产酸克雷伯氏菌和NB培养基(对照)上清液中的挥发性物质，并检测浓度较高的4种产酸克雷伯氏菌挥发性物质对斑翅果蝇成虫的引诱效果。【结果】产酸克雷伯氏菌上清液对斑翅果蝇成虫具有引诱作用。其中，无寄主植物条件下，产酸克雷伯氏菌上清液对雄虫引诱作用强于对雌虫，但是在有寄主植物条件下产酸克雷伯氏菌上清液诱集的雌雄成虫数量差异不显著。在产酸克雷伯氏菌上清液中检测到21种挥发性物质，其中浓度较高的为3-甲基-1-丁醇、2-苯乙醇、乙酸异戊酯和吲哚，斑翅果蝇成虫对3-甲基-1-丁醇、2-苯乙醇和吲哚具有趋向性，而对乙酸异戊酯则有趋避性，且3-甲基-1-丁醇可吸引更多的雄虫。【结论】肠道微生物产酸克雷伯氏菌上清液可用于引诱斑翅果蝇成虫，3-甲基-1-丁醇是产酸克雷伯氏菌代谢物中引诱雄虫的重要物质。本研究为斑翅果蝇的防治提供了参考依据。

Attractiveness of intestinal bacterium Klebsiella oxytoca and its volatile substances toDrosophila suzukiiadults

【Aim】 The aim of this study is to determine the attractiveness of intestinal bacterium Klebsiella oxytoca to Drosophila suzukii, and to identify and verify the attractiveness of its volatile substances to D. suzukii adults. 【Methods】 The proportions of D. suzukii adults attracted by supernatants of K. oxytoca and NB medium (the control) as well as the proportions of female and male adults attracted in the presence or absence of host plant (Kyoho grape), respectively, were measured and analyzed. Volatile substances in the supernatant of K. oxytoca and NB medium were identified using HS-SPME-GC-MS methods. The attractiveness of four volatile substances of K. oxytoca supernatant with higher concentrations to D. suzukii adults was tested. 【Results】 D. suzukii adults were attracted to the supernatant of K. oxytoca. In the absence of host plant, the supernatant of K. oxytoca showed stronger attractiveness to male adults of D. suzukii than to female adults. However, in the presence of host plants, the numbers of female and male adults attracted by K. oxytoca supernatant were not significantly different. Twenty-one volatile substances were detected from K. oxytoca supernatant, among which 3-methyl-1-butyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, isoamyl acetate and indole had higher concentrations. D. suzukii adults showed taxis to 3-methyl-1-butyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol and indole, but showed repellence to isoamyl acetate. The volatile substance 3-methyl-1-butyl alcohol could attract more male adults than female adults. 【Conclusion 】 Intestinal microorganism K. oxytoca supernatant can be used to attract D. suzukii adults, and 3-methyl-1-butyl alcohol is an important metabolite of K. oxytoca for attracting male adults of D. suzukii. This study provides some basic data for the control of D. suzukii.