三种绿叶挥发性物质对云南切梢小蠹寄主定位行为的干扰作用

为了研究环境中非寄主阔叶植物释放出的绿叶挥发性物质（GLVs）对针叶树蛀干害虫云南切梢小蠹Tomicus yunnanesis的影响， 选取了(E)-2-己烯醛、 (E)-2-己烯醇和(Z)-3-己烯醇3种释放量较大的绿叶挥发性物质， 通过室内松梢取食试验测试了单组分及两两混合后对云南切梢小蠹寄主定位行为的干扰作用。结果表明： 源于阔叶植物的3种绿叶挥发性物质及其混合物能够不同程度干扰云南切梢小蠹的寄主定位行为。当虫放入广口瓶12 h后， 3个单组分绿叶挥发性物质处理组［A： (E)-2-己烯醛， P＜0.01； B： (E)-2-己烯醇， P＜0.01； C： (Z)-3-己烯醇， P＜0.01］及2个混合组分［D： (E)-2-己烯醛+(E)-2-己烯醇， P＜0.01）； E： (E)-2-己烯醛+(Z)-3-己烯醇， P＜0.01］中滞留在松梢外部的虫数与对照组相比都有显著性差异， 绿叶挥发性物质的存在显著降低了云南切梢小蠹侵害云南松松梢的概率。但是， 24 h后只有D组（P＜0.01）和E组（P＜0.01）滞留在松梢外部的虫数与对照组相比具有显著性差异， 在48 h后只有D组（P＜0.01）与对照相比仍具有显著性差异。本研究为利用非寄主植物的次生代谢产物防治云南切梢小蠹进行了有益的探索。

Interruption of host-location behavior in the Yunnan pine shoot beetle, Tomicus yunnanesis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), with three green leaf volatiles

In order to study the effects of green leaf volatiles (GLVs) emitted by broad-leaved plants to the Yunnan pine shoot beetle, Tomicus yunnanesis, three most abundant GLVs ［(E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol］ were chosen in the experiments. Single components and blends of two components were used to study the effects on the host-location behavior of T. yunnanesis by laboratory pine twig feeding test. At 12, 24 and 48 h after testing, the beetles which got into the pine twigs were counted. The results showed that the three GLVs and their blends can interrupt the host-location behavior of T. yunnanesis at different degree. At 12 h after testing, three single components ［A: (E)-2-hexenal, P＜0.01; B: (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, P＜0.01; C: (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol; P＜0.01］ and two blends ［D: (E)-2-hexenal+(E)-2-hexen-1-ol, P＜0.01; E: (E)-2-hexenal+(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, P＜0.01］ had significant differences in the number of beetles stayed outside the pine twigs when compared to the control. These GLVs significantly inhibited the infestation probability of P. yunnanesis by T. yunnanesis. At 24 h after testing, group D (P＜0.01) and E (P＜0.01) exhibited significant differences in the number of beetles stayed outside the pine twigs from the control group. However, only group D (P＜0.01) had significant difference in the number of beetles stayed outside the pine twigs from the control group at 48 h after testing. This study provides valuable basis for using secondary metabolites in non-host plants to control T. yunnanesis in the future.