近交系剑尾鱼的遗传生化标记研究

目的通过研究对RR-B、RW-H、BY-F三个近交系和非选育剑尾鱼的研究比较,建立近交系剑尾鱼的遗传生化标记检测技术。方法依照国标GB／T14927.1-2008的遗传操作规程优化实验条件,对三个近交品系及非选育群剑尾鱼的不同组织的6个遗传生化位点进行研究,以得到其遗传生化图谱。结果在6个生化位点中,同一品系剑尾鱼同工酶存在组织特异性,多数同工酶在肝中活性较强。同一生化位点在不同品系间存在差异。RR-B系在葡萄糖磷酸异构酶（Gpi）、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶（Gpd）位点表现出特异性条带,RW-H系在过氧化氢酶（Ce）位点表现出特异性条带。同一生化位点在各品系内表现较为一致,而在非选育剑尾鱼中在上述三个生化位点表现出多态性。在酯酶（ES）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）位点,各品系谱带不易区分其差异。结论建立了剑尾鱼近交系生化标记检测技术,可望用于近交系剑尾鱼的遗传质量监测。

Identification of Biochemical Genetic Markers in Inbred Strain Xiphophorus helleri

Objective To identify biochemical genetic markers in inbred strain Xiphophorus helleri RR-B, RW-H, BY-F and wild swordtail, and to develop a new genetic monitoring method for inbred strain Xiphophorus helleri. Method According to national standard GBPT1492711-2008, five biochemical genetic markers were analyzed in inbred strain Xiphophorus helleri and wild ones. Results Isoenzymes had tissue specificity in the same inbred strain. Most isoenzymes displayed strong activity in the liver. Different strains had different band patterns at the same biochemical site. The strain RR-B displayed special bands in glucosephosphate isomerase （Gpi） and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase （Gpd）, and the strain RW-H displayed special bands in catalase （Ce） ,while in the wild ones displayed polymorphisms in all the 3 izoenzymes. All the strains of swordtail did not show obviously different bands in esterase （ES）, alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Conclusion The results indicate that the biochemical genetic method may be used in genetic monitoring of inbred Xiphophorus helleri.