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Stridulatory structures in three green lacewings (Neuroptera : Chrysopidae)
Affiliation:1. Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Evolution (AnEcoEvo), Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy;3. Wildlife Initiative Italia ETS, via Rovigo 12, Pederobba (TV), Italy;4. Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy;5. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (CNR -IRET), via Madonna del Piano 100, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy;6. National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy;1. Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental (LABECO), Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul 79804-970, Brazil;2. Centro de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade (CPBio), Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul 79804-970, Brazil;3. Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Centro Integrado de Análise e Monitoramento Ambiental (CInAM), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul 79804-970, Brazil;1. Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;1. The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;3. Interactive Telecommunications Program, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA;4. Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;1. Department of Biology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97405, USA
Abstract:
The stridulatory structures that occur in Meleoma Fitch, Brinckochrysa Tjeder and Chrysocerca Weele (Neuroptera : Chrysopidae) have been examined for the first time, using scanning electron microscopy. The structures are made up of rows of tubercles, formed by modified microtrichia and setae or sclerotized plates, situated laterally on the second abdominal segment and inner surface of the hind femora. Although superficially similar in the 3 genera, the stridulatory structures have different derivations, and have probably arisen in the Chrysopidae on separate occasions. The arrangement of tubercles within each genus varies among species, and is sexually dimorphic. Sound is thought to be produced by rubbing the abdomen against the hind femora and probably forms part of a courtship display.
Keywords:
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