惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源与多样性研究

为了明确惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源及多样性特征,该研究通过野外实地调查和文献查阅,统计惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物种类构成及其科、属、种层面的具体组成,并分析其分布区类型、濒危物种、药用植物和水生植物状况。结果表明:(1)惠州西湖风景名胜区共有维管植物169科650属1 061种,其中被子植物种类最丰富,有145科613属1 002种,科、属、种数分别占总数的85.80%、94.30%、94.44%;裸子植物9科20属36种,科、属、种数分别占总数的5.33%、3.10%、3.39%;蕨类植物15科17属23种,科、属和种数分别占总数的8.88%、2.60%、2.17%。(2)惠州西湖风景名胜区植物资源的优势科明显,含10种及以上的科有29科653种,占总种数的61.55%,其中菊科最多(有63种),禾本科次之(有60种);研究区有单属、种的植物442种,表明单种或少数种的科在研究区维管植物中占大多数。(3)惠州西湖风景名胜区有种子植物154科,分属13个分布区类型,其中泛热带分布区类型有60科,所占的比例最高(55.56%),表明该区种子植物具有明显的热带特性,其种子植物区系以热带分布为主。(4)惠州西湖风景名胜区有珍稀濒危植物29种(其中国家保护植物26种),药用植物702种,水生植物150种。研究表明,惠州西湖风景名胜区维管植物资源种类丰富,多样性程度高,应特别加强植物资源的保护和利用以及生态景观的建设。

Study on the Resources and Diversity of Vascular Plants in Scenic Area of Huizhou West Lake

To clarify the resources and diversity of vascular plants in the scenic spots of Huizhou West Lake, we conducted through field investigation and literature review. The species composition of vascular plants and the specific composition of their families, genera and species in the scenic spots of Huizhou West Lake was analyzed about the distribution area type, endangered species, medicinal plant and aquatic plant. The results show: (1) Huizhou West Lake scenic area has a total of 169 families of vascular plants in 650 genera and 1 061 species, of which the most abundant species of angiosperms have 145 families, 613 genera and 1 002 species, and families, genera and species accounted for 85.80%, 94.30%, 94.44%, respectively. 9 families of gymnosperm belonging to 20 genera and 36 species, families and genera and species of the total number 5.33%, 3.10%, 3.39%, respectively. 15 families of ferns belonging to 17 genera and 23 species, families and genera and species accounted for 8.88%, 2.60%, 2.17%, respectively. (2) The dominant families of plant resources are obvious in the scenic spots of Huizhou West Lake. There were 29 families containing 10 species or more than 10 species, a total of 653 species, accounting for 61.55% of the total species, including Compositae (63 species), gramineous times (60). There are 442 species of plants of single species and/or genera in the study area, indicating families that only one or a few species occupy the majority of vascular plants in the study area. (3) There are 154 families of seed plants in Huizhou West Lake scenic area, belong to 13 types of distribution area. The type of the pan tropical distribution area has 60 families, the highest proportion (55.56%), suggesting that the seed plants have obvious characteristics of the tropical flora, mainly tropical distribution. (4) There are 29 species of rare and endangered plants (among them 26 species of state protected plants), 702 species of medicinal plants and 150 species of aquatic plants in Huizhou West Lake scenic area. The research shows that there are abundant species and high diversity of vascular plants resources in Huizhou West Lake scenic area, so as to strengthen the protection and utilization of plant resources and the construction of ecological landscape.