Genetic structure of the red mangrove (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhizophora mangle</Emphasis> L.) on the Colombian Pacific detected by microsatellite molecular markers |
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Authors: | Enrique Arbeláez-Cortes María Fernanda Castillo-Cárdenas Nelson Toro-Perea Heiber Cárdenas-Henao |
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Institution: | (1) Sección de Genética, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle, Calle13 #100-00, A.A. 25360 Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia |
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Abstract: | Rhizophora mangle, one of the five species of the genus Rhizophora, is found widely distributed along the American and West African coasts. This species is one of the principal constituents
of the mangrove ecosystem in Colombia and is also found within the most important economic activities for the communities
that inhabit the littoral. In order to assess the degree of genetic diversity of R. mangle in five populations of the Colombian Pacific, nuclear microsatellite molecular markers were used. In 92 individuals sampled,
it was found that 100% of the loci were polymorphic
, and no private alleles were detected. The population structure of R. mangle in the Colombian Pacific, was highly significant (P < 0.001); however, the greatest differentiation was detected at the within-population level (94.62%). For the populations
of La Plata, Virudó and Charambirá, the tendency toward panmixia could be the cause of the low differentiation among these
three locations. Within populations, the genetic diversity revealed a deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium with high
significance in Virudó and Tumaco, where it appears the intense anthropogenic activity has exercised strong pressure on the
red mangrove, resulting in the possible fragmentation of the local landscape and therefore an increase in the rate of endogamy
within these populations. Despite this situation, our study―one of the first developed in genetics of the red mangrove in
Colombia―did not show evidence of recent bottleneck effects or deterioration in its genetic composition, which could be exploited
to propose management and restoration programs for the zones where the forests of this species are degraded.
Handling editor: K. Martens |
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Keywords: | Red mangrove Microsatellites Colombian Pacific Genetic structure Restoration |
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