酿酒酵母人造纤维小体的研究进展简

纤维素乙醇的统合生物加工过程（consolidated bioprocessing，CBP）是将（半）纤维素酶生产、纤维素水解和乙醇发酵过程组合，通过一种微生物完成的生物加工过程。 CBP有利于降低生物转化过程的成本，受到研究者的普遍关注。酿酒酵母（ Saccharomyces cerevisiae）作为传统的乙醇生产菌株，是极具潜力的CBP底盘细胞。纤维小体是某些厌氧微生物细胞表面由纤维素酶系与支架蛋白组成的大分子复合物，它能高效降解木质纤维，在酿酒酵母表面展示纤维小体已成为构建CBP细胞的研究热点。笔者综述了人造纤维小体在酿酒酵母细胞表面展示组装的研究进展，重点阐述了纤维小体各元件的设计和改造，并针对酿酒酵母分泌途径的改造，提出提高人造纤维小体分泌组装的可能性策略。

Research Advances on cellulosome chimeras in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Consolidated bioprocessing （ CBP ） of lignocellulose ethanol production can combine enzyme production,cellulose hydrolysis,and fermentation into a single process by one microorganism.CBP process has gained more attention because it can reduce the costs of biotransformation processes.As a traditional ethanol producer, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a promising CBP candidate.Cellulosome, a multi-enzyme complex,is assembled on the cell surface of some anaerobic microorganisms by various cellulases and scaffoldins.The assembly of cellulosome on S.cerevisiae has been becoming a new hot spot in CBP organism constructing research due to its high cellulose hydrolytic activity.The progresses of the assembly of cellulosome on the surface of S.cerevisiae are introduced,the design and improvement of its components are mainly summarized,and the possible strategies are analyzed to enhace the expression and assembly through engineering secretory pathway.