中老铁路经济廊带生态质量及其与人类活动的关系

区域生态质量很大程度上受人类活动强度影响,制约着区域经济可持续发展.以中老铁路经济廊带为对象,重点研究区内人类活动强度对区域生态环境的影响.选取1999、2009、2019年遥感影像计算遥感生态指数(RSEI),采用空间自相关及局域C统计量探测研究区生态质量的时空演变规律,并结合同期人口密度构建地理加权回归模型,定量分...

Ecological quality and its relationships with human activities in China-Laos railway economic belt

Regional ecological quality is largely affected by human activities, which restricts the sustainable development of regional economy. Taking the China-Laos railway economic belt as an example, we investigated the effects of human activities on ecological quality. The remote sensing images of 1999, 2009 and 2019 were selected to calculate remote sensing ecological index(RSEI). Spatial autocorrelation statistics and local G statistics were used to explore the spatial-temporal variations of ecological quality in the study area. Combined with the population density in the same period, a geographically weighted regression model was constructed to quantitatively analyze the ecological effects of different human activity intensities in the study area. The results showed that the ecological quality in the study area presented a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing later from 1999 to 2019, and that the mean value of RSEI varied from 0.645(1999) to 0.738(2009) and then decreasing to 0.721 in 2019. Specially, the ecological quality fluctuated more apparently in the midlands. The results of fitting population density and ecological quality based on geographical weighted regression model(GWR) were significantly better than that of least square method. R2 of different periods based on GWR was higher than 0.7 and the fitting effect was stable. The fitting degree of GWR in 2019 was the best(R2 was 0.785), and R2 in 1999 and 2009 were 0.726 and 0.754, respectively. The ecological quality along the China-Laos railway south area(such as Vientiane) was more sensitive to human activities, with most of these places belonged to moderately sensitive regions. For the highly, moderately and lowly ecological sensitive regions, every 10, 100, 1000-fold increases in population density would lead to a decrease of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 to the mean value of RSEI in turn. The development of economic belt would increase population density. During the planning and layout of economic belt, human activities should be controlled to avoid the deterioration of ecological quality in the potential and current sensitive regions.