极小种群植物白果蒲桃种群现状与保护评价

白果蒲桃是福建省云霄县特有极小种群植物,对其进行种群现状研究和保护评价。结果表明: 现存白果蒲桃种群只有25株,母树仅1株,除母树和1株小树外,其余均为幼苗幼树,数量稀少,缺乏中树、大树等龄级阶段。幼苗幼树空间分布不均匀,绝大多数分布于距离母树10～25 m的范围内。种群龄级结构不连续,种群发展呈不可持续状态。种群竞争主要来自其他伴生树种,其中,厚壳桂竞争指数占总竞争指数的66.6%,远高于其他种类。本研究构建珍稀濒危暨极小种群植物保护综合评价指标体系,从濒危程度、保护价值和保护优先性3个方面对白果蒲桃进行保护评价。白果蒲桃濒危程度为Ⅰ级(濒危程度指数为4.510),属于极危种,保护价值为Ⅰ级(保护价值指数为4.052),保护价值极大,保护优先性为Ⅰ级(保护优先性指数为4.016),应列为最优先保护级别。

Population status and protection evaluation of Syzygium album,a species with extremely small population

Syzygium album is a plant species with extremely small population and endemic to Yun-xiao County,Fujian Province.We examined its population status and conservation evaluation.The results showed that there were 25 individuals of S.album,with only one mother tree.Except for the mother tree and one small tree,the others were all young seedlings,which was rare in abundance and lack of age stage of middle and strong trees.The spatial distribution of young seedlings was not uniform,with most of individuals within the range of 10-25 m from the mother tree.The age class structure of the population was not continuous and the population development was unsustainable.The competition mainly came from other species.Cryptocarya chinensis accounted for 66.6%of the total competition index,which was much higher than other species.We established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the protection of rare and endangered plants with extremely small populations and evaluated the protection of S.album from three aspects,i.e.,endangered degree,protection value,and protection priority.The endangered degree of S.album was levelⅠ(the endangered degree index was 4.510),belonging to extremely endangered species,the protection value was levelⅠ(the protection value index was 4.052),which was of great value,and the protection priority was levelⅠ(the protection priority index was 4.016),which should be listed as the highest priority protection level.