Strain engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhanced xylose metabolism |
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Authors: | Soo Rin Kim Yong-Cheol Park Yong-Su Jin Jin-Ho Seo |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;3. Department of Advanced Fermentation Fusion Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Efficient and rapid fermentation of all sugars present in cellulosic hydrolysates is essential for economic conversion of renewable biomass into fuels and chemicals. Xylose is one of the most abundant sugars in cellulosic biomass but it cannot be utilized by wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which has been used for industrial ethanol production. Therefore, numerous technologies for strain development have been employed to engineer S. cerevisiae capable of fermenting xylose rapidly and efficiently. These include i) optimization of xylose-assimilating pathways, ii) perturbation of gene targets for reconfiguring yeast metabolism, and iii) simultaneous co-fermentation of xylose and cellobiose. In addition, the genetic and physiological background of host strains is an important determinant to construct efficient and rapid xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae. Vibrant and persistent researches in this field for the last two decades not only led to the development of engineered S. cerevisiae strains ready for industrial fermentation of cellulosic hydrolysates, but also deepened our understanding of operational principles underlying yeast metabolism. |
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Keywords: | Cellulosic biomass Bioethanol Xylose Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic engineering |
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