Trapping and sex pheromone-mediated flight and landing behaviour of maleCtenopseustis obliquana |
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Authors: | S P Foster R H Ayers and S J Muggleston |
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Institution: | (1) Batchelar Research Centre, The Horticulture & Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd., Private Bag 11030, Palmerston North, New Zealand;(2) Mt Albert Research Centre, The Horticulture & Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd., Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand |
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Abstract: | A sex pheromone-baited delta trap was found to be inefficient at eliciting landing and entering of the trap by maleCtenopseustis obliquana. The inefficiency of the delta trap related to turbulence altering the pheromone plume and the concomitant effect on the
flight manoeuvres of male moths. In the wind tunnel, high proportions of males flew upwind and landed on the sides, outside,
of the trap, but only a relatively small proportion of these males entered the trap and contacted the sticky surface. When
males approached the delta trap, they tended to fly in wide zigzags (i.e., large inter-track reversal distances) and at an
altitude near the top of the trap, where the trap was relatively narrow in width (compared to the bottom). Thus, these flight
manoeuvres largely precluded males from entering the trap. Greater numbers of male moths entered the trap when: (i) the front
barriers of the delta trap were removed, (ii) pheromone dosage was increased to 300 μg, and (iii) the trap design was changed
to a rectangular one. The first two changes appeared to influence the flight manoeuvres of males (who appeared to fly with
narrower inter-track reversal distances), while the third change apparently did not affect the glight manoeuvres of males,
but rather allowed more males to enter the trap because of the greater area of the entrance. The low trap catches of maleC. obliquana in the field are also a consequence of the glue which is currently used. After contact with this glue most males are able
to escape, flying off the sticky surface and losing contact with the pheromone. A field trial found that delta traps with
another glue caught more than three times the number of males of the related tortricid moth,Epiphyas postvittana, than delta traps with the currently used glue. |
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Keywords: | Lepidoptera Tortricidae brownheaded leafroller pheromone orientation Epiphyas postvittana |
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