卡马西平与丙戊酸钠对儿童癫痫部分性发作脑电图的临床对照研究

目的:探究卡马西平与丙戊酸钠对儿童癫痫部分发作患儿发作脑电图影响,并实施组间对照研究。方法:选择2017年1月至2020年1月于我院接受治疗的81例癫痫部分性发作患儿为研究对象,按照其接受治疗的差异将其分为卡马西平组(40例)和丙戊酸钠组(41例),对比两组患儿接受药物治疗后脑电图以及脑电地形图变化情况。结果:(1)卡马西平组患儿接受治疗后脑电图检测显示间歇期痫样活动减少≥50%者占比高达67.50%(27/40),而丙戊酸钠组占比仅为43.90%(18/41),两组比较差异明显(P<0.05);(2)脑电背景活动变化比较显示,治疗后卡马西平组患儿α波无影响者占比65.00%,明显高于丙戊酸钠组36.59%,同时丙戊酸钠组患儿δ波数(20 s内)药物治疗后变化较卡马西平组更为明显;(3)脑电功率比较显示,卡马西平组患儿治疗后仅θ频段相对功率出现明显变化(P<0.05),但丙戊酸钠组患儿α频段相对功率、θ频段相对功率和θ频段绝对功率均出现明显变化(P<0.05)。结论:丙戊酸钠应用于儿童癫痫部分性发作时患儿脑电背景活动会明显变慢,甚至有出现间歇期痫样放电的风险,而卡马西平相对更为稳定,对患儿脑电图的影响更小,安全性更高。

A Clinical Comparative Study of Carbamazepine and Sodium Valproate on EEG in Children with Partial Seizure

Objective: To explore the effects of carbamazepine and sodium valproate on children with partial seizures and to conduct electroencephalograms, and implement a controlled study between groups. Methods: 81 patients with partial seizures who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected as the research object, and they were divided into carbamazepine group(40 cases) and C In the sodium valerate group(41 cases), compare the changes in EEG and EEG topography of the two groups of children after receiving drug treatment. Results: The EEG test of children in the carbamazepine group after treatment showed that intermittent epilepsy-like activity was reduced by≥50 %, accounting for up to 67.50 %(27/40), while the sodium valproate group accounted for only 43.90 %(18/41), the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the proportion of children with no effect of alpha wave in the carbamazepine group accounted for 65.00 %, which was significantly higher than 36.59 % in the sodium valproate group. At the same time, the delta wave number(within 20 s) of children in the sodium valproate group changed more significantly than the carbamazepine group. Only the relative power of the θ frequency band changed significantly in the carbamazepine group(P<0.05), but the relative power of α frequency band, relative power of θ frequency band and absolute power of θ frequency band in the sodium valproate group showed significant changes(P<0.05). Conclusion: When valproate is used in children with partial seizures, the children’s EEG background activity will be significantly slower, and there is even a risk of intermittent epilepsy-like discharges, while carbamazepine is relatively more stable. The impact of the graph is smaller and the security is higher.