二十四式简化太极拳联合呼吸功能训练对中老年COPD患者肺功能、运动耐力及心理状态的影响

摘要 目的：探讨二十四式简化太极拳联合呼吸功能训练对中老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者肺功能、运动耐力及心理状态的影响。方法：选取2019年4月~2020年8月期间我院收治的中老年COPD患者81例，按照信封抽签法分为对照组（40例，给予呼吸功能训练干预）和观察组（41例，给予二十四式简化太极拳联合呼吸功能训练干预），均干预6个月。对比两组干预前、干预6个月后的肺功能、运动耐力、心理状态及生活质量。结果：两组干预6个月后用力肺活量（FVC）、1 秒用力呼气容积( FEV1)、FEV1/FVC升高，且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预6个月后呼吸症状、疾病影响、活动受限评分降低，且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预6个月后6 min步行试验（6MWT）距离延长，且观察组长于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预6个月后人际关系、抑郁、偏执、敌对、焦虑、恐惧评分降低，且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：中老年COPD患者经二十四式简化太极拳联合呼吸功能训练干预后，肺功能、运动耐力、生活质量及心理状态均得到显著改善，提示该康复训练方案可用于辅助中老年COPD患者的治疗。

The Influence of 24-type Simplified Taijiquan Combined with Respiratory Function Training on Lung Function, Exercise Endurance and Psychological State of Middle and Old COPD Patients

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the influence of 24-type Simplified Taijiquan combined with respiratory function training on lung function, exercise endurance and psychological state in the middle and old chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients. Methods: 81 middle and old COPD patients in our hospital were selected from April 2019 to August 2020. According to envelope lottery method, the patients were divided into control group (40 cases, respiratory function training) and observation group (41 cases, 24-type Simplified Taijiquan combined respiratory function training), all of them were intervened for 6 months. The lung function, exercise endurance, psychological state and quality of life in the two groups were compared before and 6 months after intervention. Results: 6 months after intervention, the forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume for 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC increased in the two groups, and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). 6 months after intervention, respiratory symptoms, disease effects and activity restriction scores decreased in the two groups, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The walking distance(6MWT) in the two groups increased at 6 months after intervention, and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). 6 months after intervention, the scores of interpersonal relationship, depression, paranoia, hostility, anxiety and fear were decreased in the two groups, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The middle and old COPD patients after 24-type Simplified Taijiquan combined with respiratory function training, lung function, exercise endurance, quality of life and psychological state are significantly improved, suggesting that the rehabilitation training program can be used to assist the treatment of middle and old COPD patients.