广西扶绥黑叶猴活动节律和日活动时间分配

2002 年8 月至2003 年7 月,对生活在完全被周围农田隔离的石山中的一群黑叶猴的昼夜活动节律和日活动时间分配进行研究。采用以群为单位的焦点动物观察法和连续记录法,每月对猴群连续10 d 跟踪观察。结果表明:3 月至10 月,黑叶猴的昼夜活动节律由8 个环节组成,11 月至2 月由9 个环节组成,移动、觅食和休息在活动节律中重复出现,晒太阳仅出现在11 月至翌年2 月。休息占黑叶猴日活动时间的比例最大,其次是觅食、移动、晒太阳和理毛。黑叶猴的日活动时间分配具有明显的月变化规律,相关性分析表明,环境温度、栖息地的食物丰富度和光照强度是影响黑叶猴日活动时间分配的主要因素。进一步分析认为,黑叶猴的活动时间分配体现了叶食性灵长类的特点,更体现了黑叶猴对北热带喀斯特石山环境的适应特点。

Activity rhythm and diurnal time budget of François langur (Trachypithecus françoisi)in Guangxi,China

We studied activity patterns and time budgets of a group of François langurs (Trachypithecus françoisi) in Fusui Nature Reserve, Guangxi, August 2002 - July 2003. These langurs live in karst formations completely surrounded by cultivated land. We used focal group sampling, during 10 consecutive days each month. We identified 8 activity categories during the March - October period and 9 during the November - February period. Resting, moving and feeding occurred most often, and sun-bathing only occurred between November and February. Resting constituted the largest proportion of daily time budgets, followed by feeding, moving, sunbathing and grooming. Daily time budgets displayed significant monthly variation. Daily time budgets were correlated with mean daily highest temperature, mean lowest temperature, food abundance and sunlight intensity. Activity patterns and time budgets of these langurs were similar to those of other folivorous primates.