Salt tolerance of the annual halophyte <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cakile maritima</Emphasis> as affected by the provenance and the developmental stage |
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Authors: | Wided Megdiche Nader Ben Amor Ahmed Debez Kamel Hessini Riadh Ksouri Yasmine Zuily-Fodil Chedly Abdelly |
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Institution: | 1.Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques,Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj-Cedria (CBBC),Hammam-lif,Tunisia;2.Institut für Botanik,Universit?t Hannover,Hannover,Germany;3.Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire de l’Université Paris XII - Val de Marne,Paris,France |
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Abstract: | Though halophytes are naturally adapted to salinity, their salt-tolerance limits are greatly influenced by their provenance
and developmental stage. In the present study, physio-biochemical responses of two Tunisian ecotypes of the oilseed coastal
halophyte Cakile maritima (Brassicaceae) to salinity (0–400 mM NaCl) were monitored during germination and vegetative growth stages. Tabarka and Jerba
seeds were collected from humid or arid climatic areas, respectively. Plant response to salinity appeared to depend on the
ecotype and salinity levels. Increasing salinity inhibited germination process. Jerba seeds were found to be more salt tolerant
than the Tabarka ones. At the autotrophic stage of growth and under salt-free conditions, Jerba was less productive than Tabarka
(in terms of dry matter accumulation), but plant biomass production and leaf expansion (area and number) of the former ecotype
were progressively improved by 100 mM NaCl, as compared to the control. In contrast, at the same salt concentration, these
parameters decreased under increasing salinity in Tabarka (salt sensitive). Leaf chlorophyll content was reduced at severe
salinity, but this effect was more conspicuous in the sensitive Tabarka plants. Na+ contents in the Jerba and Tabarka leaves collected from the 400 mM NaCl-treated plants were 17- and 12-fold higher than in
the respective controls. This effect was accompanied by a significant reduction in the leaf K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ contents, especially in the salt-treated Tabarka. A significant accumulation of proline and soluble carbohydrates in leaves
was found during the period of intensive leaf growth. These organic compounds likely play a role in leaf osmotic adjustment
and in protection of membrane stability at severe salinity. |
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Keywords: | Cakile maritima Compatible solute Germination Ion accumulation Provenance Salt tolerance Vegetative growth stage |
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