不同密度下凤仙花重要形态性状与花朵数的关系

对30cm×30cm和50cm×50cm种植密度下的凤仙花(Impatiens balsamina L.)的地径、株高、冠幅、叶面积、花期、花径、一级分枝数、二级分枝数、一级分枝部位高和二级分枝部位高10个重要形态性状与花朵数的关系差异进行了相关性及通径分析,为凤仙花栽培与性状选择提供科学基础。结果表明:30cm×30cm种植的凤仙花的一级分枝数、二级分枝部位高都与花朵数呈显著正相关,地径、冠幅、二级分枝数与花朵数呈极显著正相关,对花朵数的直接效应大小顺序为:二级分枝数>一级分枝数>花径>花期;50cm×50cm种植的凤仙花,其地径、冠幅和二级分枝数都与花产量呈显著正相关,对花朵数的直接效应大小顺序为:二级分枝数>冠幅。二级分枝数对两种密度栽培的凤仙花花产量都起着重要作用。不同种植间距下凤仙花采用了不同的适应方式以获得最大花朵数目,进而获得最大数量的种子,获得较多的繁殖机会。在30cm×30cm下,是通过获得较多一级分枝数;在50cm×50cm下,是通过增加冠幅来产生较大花产量,而且与前者相比,植株茎秆粗壮,对霜霉病的抗性也强,因此,在栽培中,应以适合的低密度栽培比较好。

Correlation analysis between floret numbers and important traits of Impatiens balsamina under different planting density

The differences of corresponding relationship of floret numbers and morphological traits under different cultivation density were studied for Impatiens balsamina L.,the results would provide references to the cultivation and character election of balsam.Seedlings were grown under the cultivation spacing of 30cm×30cm and 50cm×50cm. Plant height,ground diameter,crown diameter,leaf area,florescence,floret diameter,primary branches number,secondary branches number,primary branch height,secondary branch height,and floret number were observed and recorded.The correlation and path analysis of ten major traits to floret number per plot were conducted.The primary branches number,secondary branch height with floret number showed a significantly positive correlation,and ground diameter,crown diameter and secondary branches number with floret number showed a significantly positive correlation at the 30cm×30cm spacing.The influence order of of morphological traits on floret number was the secondary branches number>the primary branch number>florescence>floret diameter.The ground diameter,crown diameter and secondary branch number with floret number showed a significantly positive correlation at the 50cm×50cm spacing.The influence order of morphological traits on floret number was secondary branches number>crown diameter.The secondary branches number played a primary role to two kind of density.We found that balsam is bearing on different adapted methods to obtain maximum floret number and maximum seed number in order to get more chance to reproduce under different cultivation spacing,by increasing more primary branches under 30cm×30cm spacing,and by expanding crown diameter under 50cm×50cm spacing.Compared with the former, plants stalk stouter,and resistance against downy mildew is stronger.So that it should be suitable for low-density cultivation.