Genetic diversity of a rare species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aristolochia contorta</Emphasis> Bunge (Aristolochiaceae) in Primorsky Krai |
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Authors: | O V Nakonechnaya A B Kholina O G Koren Yu N Zhuravlev |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences,Vladivostok,Russia |
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Abstract: | The herbaceous vine, twisted birthwort Aristolochia contorta Bunge, is a rare species listed in the Red Data Book of Primorsky krai (2008). On the northern boundary of its range (south
of the Russian Far East), the species is represented by small isolated populations confined to the river drainages. Using
allozyme analysis, genetic variation of nine natural populations of A. contorta (247 accessions), which represented the main part of the species range in Russia, was examined. The values of genetic variation
indices (P = 22.7%; A = 1.28; H
o = 0.129; H
e = 0.101) were low and comparable with the data obtained for other rare plants. The proportion of unique genotypes (G/N) and
Simpson’s genotypic diversity index (D) ranged from 0.32 to 0.64 and from 0.60 to 0.98, respectively. This means that A. contorta is characterized by sexual and asexual reproduction. Moreover, the ratio between these types of reproduction varied among
the populations. Complete absence of inbreeding and excess of heterozygotes (F
IS = −0.282), which was low probable in case of free mating, was observed. Evidently, clonal growth and (or) apomixis enables
the species to maintain certain level of heterozygosity despite of small population sizes and non-regular gene exchange. |
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