Countrywide Survey for MERS-Coronavirus Antibodies in Dromedaries and Humans in Pakistan |
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| Authors: | Ali Zohaib Muhammad Saqib Muhammad Ammar Athar Jing Chen Awais-ur-Rahman Sial Saeed Khan Zeeshan Taj Halima Sadia Usman Tahir Muhammad Haleem Tayyab Muhammad Asif Qureshi Muhammad Khalid Mansoor Muhammad Ahsan Naeem Bing-Jie Hu Bilal Ahmed Khan Ikram Din Ujjan Bei Li Wei Zhang Yun Luo Yan Zhu Cecilia Waruhiu Iahtasham Khan Xing-Lou Yang Muhammad Sohail Sajid Victor Max Corman Bing Yan Zheng-Li Shi |
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| Affiliation: | 1.CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China;3.Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agriculture,Faisalabad,Pakistan;4.Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy, College of Pharmacy,Henan University,Henan,China;5.Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,PMAS-Arid Agriculture University,Rawalpindi,Pakistan;6.Dow University of Health Science,Karachi,Pakistan;7.Department of Microbiology,Government College University Faisalabad,Faisalabad,Pakistan;8.Livestock and Dairy Development Department (L&DD),Lahore,Pakistan;9.College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Bahawalpur,Pakistan;10.State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,China;11.Liaqat University of Medical and Health Science,Jamshoro,Pakistan;12.Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences,University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore subcampus,Jhang,Pakistan;13.Institute of Virology, Charité-Universit?tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Free University,Humboldt-University and Berlin Institute of Health,Berlin,Germany;14.German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Berlin,Germany |
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| Abstract: | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe respiratory disease in humans. Although dromedary camels are considered as a major reservoir host, the MERS-CoV infection dynamics in camels are not fully understood. Through surveillance in Pakistan, nasal (n=776) and serum (n=1050) samples were collected from camels between November 2015 and February 2018. Samples were collected from animal markets, free-roaming herds and abattoirs. An in-house ELISA was developed to detect IgG against MERS-CoV. A total of 794 camels were found seropositive for MERS-CoV. Prevalence increased with the age and the highest seroprevalence was recorded in camels aged > 10 years (81.37%) followed by those aged 3.1-10 years (78.65%) and ≤ 3 years (58.19%). Higher prevalence was observed in female (78.13%) as compared to male (70.70%). Of the camel nasal swabs, 22 were found to be positive by RT-qPCR though with high Ct values. Moreover, 2,409 human serum samples were also collected from four provinces of Pakistan during 2016-2017. Among the sampled population, 840 humans were camel herders. Although we found a high rate of MERS-CoV antibody positive dromedaries (75.62%) in Pakistan, no neutralizing antibodies were detected in humans with and without contact to camels. |
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