固定化微生物在生物膜式生化需氧量传感器中的应用现状

生化需氧量(Biochemical oxygen demand,BOD)微生物传感器是一种快速检测水样中有机污染物含量的设备,固定化微生物是其核心部件之一,对其稳定性、响应时间、使用寿命及实际应用范围等性能有着重要影响。生物膜式BOD传感器较其他类型的BOD微生物传感器具有结构简单、灵敏度高、响应时间短等优点,受到广泛的研究和应用。本文主要针对固定化微生物在生物膜式BOD传感器中的应用情况,概述较典型的微生物固定化方式的原理、特点及应用;总结几类应用较多或具有较好前景的载体材料,并讨论载体特性与传感器性能之间的关系;综述微生物在该领域的应用现状;简要介绍生物膜式BOD传感器的实际应用及商业化现状,比较其与另外几种BOD微生物传感器的优缺点;分析生物膜式BOD传感器中固定化微生物现存的一些问题及其发展趋势。

The application of immobilized microbes in biofilm-type biochemical oxygen demand sensor: a review

Microbial biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensor is a kind of equipment for rapid detection of organic pollutants in water samples. The immobilized microorganisms is the heart of a microbial BOD sensor, which has great influence on the performances of the sensor like stability, response time, service life, linear response range as well as the practical apply range. Biofilm-type BOD sensors were widely studied and applied for their advantages such as simple structure, high sensitivity and short response time compared with other types of microbial BOD sensors. This article provides an overview on the application of immobilized microbes in biofilm-type BOD sensors. The principles, properties and applications of typical immobilization methods were summarized. Particularly, a range of frequently-used and potential immobilizing carriers were detailed. The relationships between characteristics of the carriers and the performances of sensors were analyzed, the microorganisms applied in this field were reviewed. Furthermore, the application and commercialization of biofilm-type BOD sensors were introduced, the pros and cons of varies types microbial BOD sensors were compared. Finally, unsolved problems of immobilized microbes in biofilm-type BOD sensors and its trend of development were discussed.