Dominance hierarchies of male green swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri) in nature |
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| Authors: | D. Franck A. Ribowski |
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| Affiliation: | Zooiogisches Institut und Zooiogisches Museum, Arbeitsbereich Ethohgie, Urtiversitat Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-2000 Hamburg 13, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Swordtail males formed dominance hierarchies at shallow sites in creeks or streams and invested much time in maintaining a high rank-order position (mean 11·1 chases per 5 min). |
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| Keywords: | dominance costs home-range Xiphophorus Poeciliidae |
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