Containment and spot eradication of a highly destructive,invasive plant pathogen (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora cinnamomi</Emphasis>) in natural ecosystems |
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Authors: | William A Dunstan Timothy Rudman Bryan L Shearer Nicole A Moore Trudy Paap Michael C Calver Bernard Dell Giles E St J Hardy |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, 90 South St., Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia;(2) Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Resource Management and Conservation, Department of Primary Industries and Water, 134 Macquarie St., Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia;(3) Science Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, 50 Hayman Rd, Como, WA, 6152, Australia;(4) Present address: Nature Conservation Section, Department of Environment and Conservation, 120 Albany Highway, Albany, WA, 6330, Australia |
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Abstract: | The invasive plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi (Stramenopila, Oomycota) has been introduced into 15 of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots, threatening susceptible rare
flora and degrading plant communities with severe consequences for fauna. We developed protocols to contain or eradicate P. cinnamomi from spot infestations in threatened ecosystems based on two assumptions: in the absence of living hosts, P. cinnamomi is a weakly competitive saprotroph; and in the ecosystems we treated, the transmission of the pathogen occurs mainly by root-to-root
contact. At two P. cinnamomi-infested sites differing in climate and vegetation types, we applied increasingly robust treatments including vegetation
(host) destruction, fungicides, fumigation and physical root barriers. P. cinnamomi was not recovered at three assessments of treated plots 6–9 months after treatments. Given the high rates of recovery of
P. cinnamomi from untreated infested soil and the sampling frequency, the probability of failing to detect P. cinnamomi in treated soil was <0.0003. The methods described have application in containing large infestations, eradicating small infestations
and protecting remnant populations of threatened species. |
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