弥猴单侧软腭肌肉对针式电极刺激的反应

目的建立针电极口内刺激猴软腭肌肉诱发腭咽闭合运动的模式,取得软腭肌肉运动的有效刺激数值,为软腭肌肉功能重建奠定基础。方法通过解剖成年猕猴软腭的五组肌肉,确定其体表位置;利用实验动物用腭部肌肉电极定位刺激器及针式电极对软腭肌肉进行有效刺激;结合鼻咽纤维镜、头颅侧位X片及软腭造影技术观察、记录肌肉收缩及腭咽闭合动作。结果在猕猴口内定位目标肌肉进行针电极刺激可诱发肌肉收缩。刺激电压为3 V、刺激频率为20 Hz时均能诱发单侧软腭肌肉的有效收缩;单侧腭帆提肌在刺激电压为5 V、20 Hz时可发生腭咽闭合动作。咽腭肌、舌腭肌在刺激电压5 V、刺激频率100 Hz时发生软腭下降动作。腭帆张肌仅发生收缩,而未发生腭咽闭合。应用鼻咽纤维镜和X线成像技术配合能记录腭咽闭合动作。结论弥猴可作为研究软腭肌肉运动模式的实验动物。应用电极刺激软腭肌肉,可初步建立腭咽闭合的动作模式。

Needle Electrode Stimulation on the Monkeys＇ soft Palate

Objective To establish the pattern of needle electrodes by stimulating the soft palate in monkeys induced velopharyngeal muscle movement,and to achieve an effective stimulus values of soft palate movement.Methods Five sets of muscles of adult monkey＇s soft palate were anatomized to determine the surface location.The palate muscle electrode positioning stimulator and needle electrode were used to make an effective stimulating of adult monkey＇s soft palate muscles.The record muscle contraction and velopharyngeal movements were observed and collected by using the nasopharyngeal fiberscope,skull lateral X films and the soft palate shadowgraph technique.Result Muscle contractions in the rhesus monkey mouth could be induced accordingly with stimulating the target muscles by needle electrode.An effective unilateral soft palate muscle contraction was induced when stimulation voltage was 3 V and stimulation frequency was 20 Hz.Unilateral levator veli palatini came out velopharyngeal movements with stimulating voltage of 5 V and stimulation frequency of 20 Hz.Palatal pharyngeal muscle and tongue palatal muscles showed decreased movement of soft palatal.Tensor veli palatini contraction only occurred,without velopharyngeal occurrence.Application of nasopharyngeal fibermicroscopy and X-ray imaging technology could record the velopharyngeal movements.Conclusion The collected parameters to cause monkey soft palate muscle contraction were both of voltage 3 V and frequency 20 Hz.Increasing stimulus voltage in unilateral levator veli palatini led to velopharyngeal movements with effective stimulation parameters voltage of 5 V and frequency of 20 Hz.Increasing stimulus frequency in the unilateral palatal pharyngeal muscle and tongue palate muscle led to decreased movement of soft palate with effective stimulation parameters voltage of 5 V and frequency of 100 Hz.Monkey could be used as study model for the soft palate muscles in experimental animals.Velopharyngeal movements can be set up by using electrode stimulation on soft palate.