Juvenile versus adult competition |
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Authors: | J M Cushing Jia Li |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Mathematics, Program on Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, 85721 Tucson, AZ, USA;(2) Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Almos National Laboratories, MS-B258, 87545 Los Alamos, NM, USA |
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Abstract: | A general class of age-structured models based upon the McKendrick/von Foerster equations are used to study intraspecific competition between juveniles and adults. Criteria for the existence and stability of equilibria are obtained and the dependence of equilibrium stability (i.e. equilibrium resilience) on competition coefficients is analyzed for low inherent net reproductive numbers. The results are applied to the question of whether juvenile vs. adult intraspecific competition is stabilizing or destabilizing. Two types of competition are studied. The first, involving suppressed adult fertility due to competition from juveniles, was found to be destabilizing in that equilibrium levels are lowered and equilibrium resilience weakened by increased competition. The second, involving increased juvenile mortality due to competition from adults, was found to be considerably more complicated. While equilibrium levels were again reduced by increased competition, equilibrium resilience can either be weakened or strengthened. A criterion for determining the effects on resilience is derived and several examples are given to illustrate various possibilities in this case.The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Applied Mathematics Division and the Population Biology/Ecology Division of the National Science Foundation under NSF grant No. DMS-8902508Research supported by the Department of Energy under contracts W-7405-ENG-36 and KC-07-01-01 |
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Keywords: | Intraspecific competition Age-structure Stability Resilience Destabilization |
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