药品可及性视角下国家基本药物制度实施效果评价

目的 研究基本药物制度对我国基层医疗卫生机构药品可及性的影响。方法 选取上海、江西、四川和重庆共24家基层医疗机构进行问卷调查和小组访谈。结果 基本药物制度实施后，基层医疗卫生机构药品的配备率、招标采购、配送时间以及患者药品负担得到了明显改善，药品零差率销售补偿机制不断完善。结论 我国基层医疗卫生机构基本药物的可及性不断提高，但是在目录遴选、招标采购、药品配送、人才队伍建设和补偿机构方面仍然存在着诸多问题。

Effectiveness Evaluation of National Essential Medicine System in China from the Perspective of Drug Access

Objective To study the effects of national essential medicine system on drug access of grassroots health institutions in China. Methods A total of 24 grassroots health institutions in Shanghai, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Chongqing are selected as research objects. Results After the implementation of national essential medicine system, the rate of drugs with grassroots health institutions, bidding, delivery time, patients with drugs burden and compensation mechanism of zero price margin for drugs have been significantly improved. Conclusion Essential drugs access of grassroots health institutions in China is improved. While, there are still many problems in basic drug list selection, bidding, drug distribution, human resource capacity building and compensation mechanism.