MITOCHONDRIA: Are mitochondria accessory to metastasis? |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;2. Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;2. Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China;1. Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;2. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;3. Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269;4. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 |
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| Abstract: | Since the nineteenth century the importance of mitochondria in cellular physiology has been growing steadily. Not only the organelle harbors the main systems for ATP generation, but also buffers the redox potential in the cytosol and is one of the protagonists of the intrinsic pathway for apoptosis. In tumor cells, mitochondria went from being dysfunctional compartments to playing a supportive or perhaps even a triggering part in metastasis. This “Organelle In Focus” article discusses the classical metabolic events that occur in mitochondria and why these pathways could be essential for the onset of the malignant phenotype. Finally, we propose that the oxidative metabolism of tumor cells in conjunction with the inactivation of anoikis may have been coopted through a non-adaptive evolutionary process. |
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| Keywords: | Metastasis Anoikis resistance Mitochondrial respiration Oxidative metabolism Tumor microenvironment |
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