枇杷栽培种的随机扩增DNA多态性(RAPD)研究

运用RAPD(Random Amplified Polylnorphic DNA)分析技术，对江苏省常绿果树研究中心16个枇杷(E．japonic Thunb Lindl)品种的基因组DNA进行了分析，从50个随机引物中筛选出19个引物，可从各个品种的基因组DNA扩增出谱带，总数为233个，其中多态性DNA片段176个，公共性DNA片段57个，表明这些枇杷品种间存在着丰富的遗传多样性。根据DNA片段的电泳结果，计算出品种间遗传相似系数及遗传距离，应用UPG—MA方法建立了品种遗传关系的系统树，将16个品种分成5类。从随机引物中筛选出2个随机引物能从各个品种的基因组DNA扩增出DNA片段，在16个枇杷品种中2个引物扩增出19个DNA片段，其中3个为公共，16个为多态性或单态性DNA片段。这些结果可为枇杷品种鉴定、分类、亲缘关系确立及品种选育中杂交组合亲本选配提供一定的依据。

Application of RAPD-PCR Technique for Diversity and Identification of Loquat E.japonic Thunb Lindl Varieties

The RAPD-PCR technique was used to determine the DNA polymorphism of 16 Loquat (E.japonic Thunb Lindl) varieties from Changlu Fruit Institute of Jiangsu Province. Nineteen primers out of 50 primers used amplified 233 DNA fragments, among which 176 represented fragment polymorphism and 57 fragments common, indicting that a plenty of DNA polymorphism existed in these varieties. Based on the analysis of genetic analogue coefficient and genetic distance by UPGMA, 5 groups could be classified for 16 of the varieties in a genealogical tree. Two of the used primers could amplify DNA fragments in 16 varieties. Nineteen DNA fragments were amplified in 16 varieties by the two primers. Of fragments, three were 3 common ones and 16 polymorphic or unique ones, suggesting a rich genetic diversity in the Loquat varieties. The result can provide information for identification and classification of varieties and for molecular marker-aided breeding in Loquat.