航天诱变对昆虫病原真菌的生物学效应

8个昆虫病原真菌菌株经过航天搭载后,有5个菌株的孢子在航天搭载后全部死亡,菌株M2029和MR8的存活率仅约10-7,菌株M189的存活率可达到20%以上。分离得到航天诱变的单菌落菌株,检测表明航天诱变使昆虫病原真菌的形态、生长速度、产孢量、致病力等多项生物学特性发生了不同程度的变异,变异率高,变异趋向有正负双向性。测定结果表明航天诱变菌株HM189-68s、HM189-32c、HM189-127和HM189-17的生长特性和致病力优于原始菌株。航天诱变为选育生物防治优良菌株提供了新途径。

Effect of aerospace mutation on entomopathogenic fungi

Five strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and three strains of Beauveria bassiana were boarded on a spacecraft aviating at the heigh of 200~350km for 18d. Then the strains were inoculated on PDA medium supplement with 1% pepton. There were more than 20% survival spores for strain M189, but only 10-7 survival for strain M2029 and MR8. The spores of other five strains were died completely after the aerospace boarding. Characteristics of isolates from the colonies of survival strains were tested. The results showed that extensive varieties had happened to the isolates on modality of colonies, growth rate, sporular quantity and virulence to insects. The varieties could be positive or negative in contrast with corresponding wild strains. Four isolates from strain M189 were obviously superior to their wild strain on growth rate, sporulation and virulence. Aerospace mutation is an effective approach in breeding of entomopathogenic fungi.