Synthesis and synergetic anti-tumor activity evaluation of dihydroartemisinin-organogermanium(IV) compound

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semi-synthetic derivative of the herb artemisinin, has shown commendable bioactivity. In this paper, a novel dihydroartemisinin-organogermanium (DHA-Ge) compound was synthesized, characterized and its potential anti-tumor activity was evaluated by various methods. MTT results demonstrated that DHA-Ge could effectively inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells and showed their dose-dependent properties. The IC₅₀ value of inhibition effect on HepG2 cells of DHA-Ge was 10.23 μg/ml which was lower than 39.44 μg/ml of DHA. Flow cytometric results suggested that DHA-Ge could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells and the apoptosis rate was 20.26% after 24 h treatment with 56.8 μg/ml DHA-Ge concentration. Atomic force microscopy images showed that HepG2 cells were collapsed and the cell nucleus were fragmented after 24 h treatment. All these results together showed that the DHA-Ge possessed desirable synergetic enhanced anti-tumor effects and could be developed as a suitable tumor therapeutic agent.