石菖蒲根茎甲醇提取物对谷蠹的生物活性

采用冷浸法和溶剂萃取法,研究石菖蒲(Acorus gramineus Soland)根茎甲醇提取物对谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica(Fabricius)成虫的生物活性。结果表明,石菖蒲甲醇提取物以石油醚萃取物的生物活性最强,水层次之。石油醚萃取物对谷蠹具有较高的触杀、熏蒸、种群抑制活性和防治效果,并具有一定的驱避活性。药膜法触杀处理72h后对谷蠹的LC50和LC95分别为8.30μg/cm2,51.75μg/cm2。药纸熏蒸法6.25μL/L处理120h后对谷蠹的校正死亡率为94.25%。饲料拌药法250mg/kg处理对谷蠹的防效与5mg/kg马拉硫磷效果相当,且对F1代的种群抑制效果显著高于5mg/kg马拉硫磷处理。

Bioactivity of methanol extract from Acorus gramineus rhizome against Rhizopertha dominica

The bioactivities of methanol extracts from Acorus gramineus Soland rhizome against Rhizopertha dominica (Fabricius) adults were investigated using cool-soaking and solvent extraction. The result indicated that petroleum extraction of methanol extract from A. gramineus rhizome was best against R. dominica, followed by water extraction. Petroleum extraction had better contact, fumigant, population surpression activities and control effects, and moderate repellency action as well. The LC_ 50 and LC_ 95 of petroleum extraction against R. dominica at 72 h post-treatment by drug-film contact method were 8.30 μg/cm+2 and 51.75 μg/cm+2 accordingly. The corrected mortality to R. dominicaat 6.25 μL/L was 94.25% after 120 h treatment by drug-paper fumigant method. After treatment of feedstuff mixed with extracts at 250 mg/kg, the control effect of petroleum extraction against R. dominica was similar to the treatment with 5 mg/kg malathion, and the population surpression effect of treatment with petroleum extracts on F_1 generation of the beetles was markedly higher than that of 5 mg/kg malathion treatment.