Genetic variation in a network of natural and reintroduced populations of Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Europe |
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Authors: | P Le Gouar F Rigal M C Boisselier-Dubayle F Sarrazin C Arthur J P Choisy O Hatzofe S Henriquet P Lécuyer C Tessier G Susic S Samadi |
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Institution: | 1. Conservation des espèces, restauration et suivi des populations, UMR 5173, MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, 61 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France 2. Systématique, Adaptation, Evolution, UMR 7138 IRD, MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231, Paris, France 3. Parc national des Pyrénées, 59 route de Pau, 65000, Tarbes, France 4. Parc Régional du Vercors, 255 chemin des fusillés, Lans en Diois, 38250, Lans en Vercors, France 5. Science and Conservation, Israel Nature and Parks Authority, 3 Am Veolamo Street, Jerusalem, 95463, Israel 6. LPO PACA Verdon Canyon, 5 Boulevard Saint-Michel, 04120, Castellane, France 7. LPO Grands Causses, le Bourg, 12720, Peyreleau, France 8. Association Vautours en Baronnies, Mairie, 26510, Remuzat, France 9. Ornithological Station Cres, Institute of Ornithology, Ede Jardasa 35, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
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Abstract: | It is generally considered that limiting the loss of genetic diversity in reintroduced populations is essential to optimize
the chances of success of population restoration. Indeed, to counter founder effect in a reintroduced population we should
maximize the genetic variability within the founding group but also take into account networks of natural populations in the
choice of the reintroduction area. However, assessment of relevant reintroduction strategies requires long-term post-release
genetic monitoring. In this study, we analyzed genetic data from a network of native and reintroduced Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) populations successfully restored in Southern Europe. Using microsatellite markers, we characterized the level of genetic
diversity and degree of genetic structure within and among three native colonies, four captive founding groups and one long-term
monitored reintroduced population. We also used Bayesian assignment analysis to examine recent genetic connections between
the reintroduced population and the other populations. We aimed to assess the level of fragmentation among native populations,
the effectiveness of random choice of founders to retain genetic variability of the species, the loss of genetic diversity
in the reintroduced population and the effect of gene flow on this founder effect. Our results indicate that genetic diversity
was similar in all populations but we detected signs of recent isolation for one native population. The reintroduced population
showed a high immigration rate that limited loss of genetic diversity. Genetic investigations performed in native populations
and post-released genetic monitoring have direct implications for founder choice and release design. |
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Keywords: | Reintroduction Griffon vulture Genetic diversity Gene flow |
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