云南楚雄致命鹅膏中环肽毒素的检测与分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法对采自云南楚雄双柏县的致命鹅膏在3个不同生长期中不同部位的6种环肽毒素含量进行了检测和分析。结果表明,致命鹅膏含有α-, β-鹅膏毒肽、羧基三羟鬼笔毒肽和羧基二羟鬼笔毒肽,未检出γ-鹅膏毒肽和二羟鬼笔毒肽。生长期毒素总量最高（9.3mg/g）、从成熟期（7.5mg/g）到衰老期（6.5mg/g）逐渐降低,但鬼笔毒肽的相对含量随着年龄增长而逐渐增加,鹅膏毒肽与鬼笔毒肽比值从生长期、成熟期到衰老期分别为2.6、1.4和0.9。在3个不同发育阶段中,4种毒素含量从菌盖、菌柄到菌托逐渐降低,而鬼笔毒肽的相对含量逐渐增加。α-鹅膏毒肽和β-鹅膏毒肽在生长期菌盖中含量最高,分别为7.4mg/g和3.1mg/g,而羧基三羟鬼笔毒肽和羧基二羟鬼笔毒肽在衰老期的菌盖中含量最高,分别为2.8mg/g和2.1mg/g。

Detection and analysis of cyclopeptides in Amanita exitialis from Chuxiong Prefecture,Yunnan Province

The content of six cyclopeptides in different parts of fruiting body at three different development stages of Amanita exitialis collected from Shuangbai county, Chuxiong Prefecture of Yunnan Province was systematically detected and analyzed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that Amanita exitialis contains α-amanitin, β-amanitin, phallisacin and phallacidin, but γ-amanitin and phalloidin were undetected. The total toxin concentrations gradually changed from growing stage (9.3mg/g), mature stage (7.5mg/g) to aged stage (6.5mg/g). However, the relative content of phallotoxins increased and amatoxins/phallotoxins ratio reduced from 2.6 at growing stage, 1.4 at mature stage to 0.9 at aged stage. In three different growth stages, concentrations of the four toxins were the highest in pileus, moderate in stipe, and the lowest in volva, while the relative content of phallotoxins increased successively in pileus, stipe and volva. The highest content of α-amanitin (7.4mg/g) and β-amanitin (3.1mg/g) were found in pileus in growing stage, but the highest content of phallisacin and phallacidin were in pileus in aged stage, being 2.8mg/g and 2.1mg/g respectively.