Apelin/APJ 系统对能量代谢及其相关疾病调控的影响

G蛋白偶联受体APJ及其内源性配体Apelin在许多外周组织和中枢神经系统中高度表达，包括骨骼肌、胰腺、脂肪组织和下丘脑。Apelin /APJ系统调控许多生理功能，如调节血管生成，液体体内平衡和能量代谢；同时还参与不同疾病的发生发展，如糖尿病及其并发症、肥胖等。越来越多的证据表明，Apelin/APJ系统能调节胰岛素敏感性，刺激葡萄糖利用缓解糖尿病的形成；Apelin/APJ系统还能缓解肥胖引起的高血压、心血管等疾病；同时Apelin/APJ系统能促进肿瘤细胞的增殖与迁移。这篇综述旨在介绍Apelin /APJ系统在人体内各组织中可能存在的能量代谢调节功能及其对相关代谢性疾病的调控，Apelin /APJ系统有望成为潜在的用于治疗代谢性疾病的分子靶标。

Effects of Apelin/APJ System on Energy Metabolism and Related Diseases

G protein-coupled receptor APJ and its endogenous ligand apelin are highly expressed in many peripheral tissues and central nervous system, including skeletal muscle, pancreas, adipose tissue and hypothalamus. Apelin/APJ system regulates many physiological functions, such as regulation of angiogenesis. Energy metabolism and fluid balance are involved in the development of different diseases such as diabetes and the complications, obesity. More and more evidences showed that the Apelin/APJ system can regulate insulin sensitivity, stimulate glucose utilization and alleviate the formation of diabetes mellitus. Apelin/APJ system can relieve obesity-induced hypertension, cardiovascular disease and other diseases. At the same time, the Apelin/APJ system can promote the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. The purpose of this review is to introduce the energy metabolism regulating function of Apelin/APJ system in human tissues and its regulation of related metabolic diseases. Therefore, Apelin/APJ system is expected to become a potential molecular target for the treatment of metabolic diseases.