鹅毛竹大小孢子及雌雄配子体发育

利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、石蜡切片,对鹅毛竹的花芽分化、大、小孢子及雌、雄配子体的发育进行了详细观察.结果发现:鹅毛竹花药具4个药室,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层、绒毡层4层结构组成,花药壁发育为单子叶型,绒毡层为腺质型,小孢子母细胞减数分裂中的胞质分裂为连续型,产生左右对称型小孢子.鹅毛竹成熟花粉大多2细胞型,都具1个萌发孔.鹅毛竹子房为单子房,子房1室,侧膜胎座,一个倒生胚珠,双珠被,薄珠心.大孢子母细胞由一个雌性孢原细胞直接发育而成,大孢子四分体呈线型,合点端一个大孢子分化为功能大孢子,由功能大孢子经过3次有丝分裂形成8核胚囊,发育类型为蓼型,位于核点端的3个细胞核进行多次分裂形成多个反足细胞.至此,成熟胚囊形成.并就鹅毛竹不结实的原因进行了探讨.

Development of the Male and Female Gametophytes in Shibataea chinensis (Bambusoideae)

Using TEM,SEM,and traditional paraffin section,we studied the process of megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis and the development of female and male gametophyte of Shibataea chinensis.The anther wall consisted of four layers.They were epidermis,endothecium,middle layer and tapetum.The development of anther wall belonged to the monocotyledonous type.The tapetum is glandular.The cytokinensis was successive and the microspore tetrads are bilaterally symmetrical.Most mature pollen grains are 2-celled with one germinal aperture.The simple ovary consisted of two carpels.Single ovule with parietal placenta was anatropous,double integument and tenuinucellatae.The megasporocyte underwent meiotic division to form four megaspores arranged in a line,and the micropylar megaspore was the functional one.The reason for the no seed-setting rate is discussed.