Intracellular metabolic changes of Clostridium acetobutylicum and promotion to butanol tolerance during biobutanol fermentation |
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| Institution: | 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;2. Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China;1. Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre – Eau Terre Environnement, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec(QC) G1K 9A9, Canada;2. University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alameda Urkijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;3. Centre de recherche industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), Québec(QC), Canada;4. Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales, 2263, Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, Québec G9N 6V8, Canada;6. Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, UsinaPiloto B, CEP 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil;1. Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India;2. Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland;1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore;2. Temasek Laboratories, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Building 5A, Singapore 117411, Singapore;3. Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Drive, Singapore 138683, Singapore;4. Present address: Biotransformation Innovation Platform, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore;1. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Engineering, Pune 411043, India;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Dhankawadi, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411 043, India;2. Chemical Engineering and Process Development, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India;3. Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland;1. College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;3. College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China |
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| Abstract: | During the fermentation process, Clostridium acetobutylicum cells are often inhibited by the accumulated butanol. However, the mechanism underlying response of C. acetobutylicum to butanol stress remains poorly understood. This study was performed to clarify such mechanism through investigating the butanol stress-associated intracellular biochemical changes at acidogenesis phase (i.e., middle exponential phase) and solventogenesis phase (i.e., early stationary phase) by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics strategy. With the aid of partial least-squares-discriminant analysis, a pairwise discrimination between control group and butanol-treated groups was revealed, and 27 metabolites with variable importance in the projection value greater than 1 were identified. Under butanol stress, the glycolysis might be inhibited while TCA cycle might be promoted. Moreover, changes of lipids and fatty acids compositions, amino acid metabolism and osmoregulator concentrations might be the key factors involved in C. acetobutylicum metabolic response to butanol stress. It was suggested that C. acetobutylicum cells might change the levels of long acyl chain saturated fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids to maintain the integrity of cell membrane through adjusting membrane fluidity under butanol stress. The increased level of glycerol was considered to be correlated with osmoregulation and regulating redox balance. In addition, increased levels of some amino acids (i.e., threonine, glycine, alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, aspartate and glutamate) might also confer butanol tolerance to C. acetobutylicum. These results highlighted our knowledge about the response or adaptation of C. acetobutylicum to butanol stress, and would contribute to the construction of feasible butanologenic strains with higher butanol tolerance. |
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| Keywords: | Biobutanol Butanol stress Metabolomics Gas chromatography?mass spectrometry |
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