香精油的抗蜂螨作用及其在蜂群中的应用

香精油及其组分具有显著的抗螨效果。研究者通过筛选试验测定了多种香精油及其组分的抗螨能力,多数在实验室中表现出良好的抗螨效果,但除了百里酚及其混合物外,很少在野外试验中表现出强抗螨能力。百里酚及其混合物的抑螨率超过了90%,对蜜蜂危害较小,长期使用后残留量很低。很有必要对香精油的抗蜂螨作用作进一步的研究,同时结合其它防治手段,建立一套全面的害虫防治策略,以控制蜂螨的危害。

Use of essential oils for controlling Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies

Essential oils and essential oil components offer an attractive alternative to synthetic acaricides tor the control of Varroa destrutor. Many kinds of essential oils and their components have been evaluated in laboratory screening tests and most of them show excellent acaricides activities. However, few of them have proven successfully when tested in field. Thymol and thymol blended with other essential oils or essential oil components offer a promising exception. Mite mortality is over 90% when these formulations. In addition, residues of them in honey are low, even after long term treatments. Along with other measures essential oils can be used in the integrated control of Varroa jacobsoni. Efforts are necessary to optimize the use of these substances.