Differential control of temporal and spatial aspects of cockroach leg coordination |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;2. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;3. Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;4. Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, S/N, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, S/N, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil;1. PG Economics Limited, UK;2. Shanghai Chinshan Botanical Garden, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;3. University of California San Diego, USA;4. University of California Davis, USA;5. The Golden Rice Humanitarian Board;6. Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico;7. University of Nebraska—Lincoln, USA;8. University of California Davis, USA;9. Institute of Plant Biotechnology for Developing Countries; Ghent University, Belgium;10. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Brazil;11. AfricaBio, Pretoria, South Africa;12. Missouri Botanical Garden, USA;13. Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands;14. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China;15. College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China;p. National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, China CDC, China;q. The Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited, India;r. Huazhong Agriculture University, China;s. Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;t. Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;1. Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;2. Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;3. Maxnet Co., Ltd., Tokyo 164-0001, Japan;4. Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;1. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;2. Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;3. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;4. New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA;5. Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA |
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| Abstract: | Ensembles of neuronal networks and sensory pathways participate in controlling the kinematic and dynamic parameters of animal movement necessary to achieve motor coordination. Determining the relative contribution of proprioceptive feedback is essential for understanding how animals sustain stable, coordinated locomotion in complex natural environments. Here, we focus on the role of chordotonal organs (COs), proprioceptors found in insect legs, in the spatial and temporal regulation of walking. We compare gait parameters of intact cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and sensory-impaired ones, injected with pymetrozine, a chemical previously shown to abolish CO function in locusts. We verify that afferent CO activity in pymetrozine-treated cockroaches is inhibited, and analyze the effect of this sensory deprivation on inter-leg coordination. We find significant changes in tarsi placement and leg path trajectories after pymetrozine treatment. Leg touchdown accuracy, measured from relative tarsi positions of adjacent legs, is reduced in treated animals. Interestingly, despite poorer spatial coordination in both stance and swing, temporal properties of the gait remain largely the same as in the intact preparations, apart from changes in ipsilateral phase differences between front and middle legs. These findings provide insights into the role of COs in insect gait control and establish pymetrozine as a useful tool for further studies of insect locomotion. |
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| Keywords: | Proprioceptor Chordotonal organs Pymentrozine Spatial and temporal coordination |
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