Adaptive Patch Searching Strategies in Fragmented Landscapes |
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Authors: | Simone K Heinz Espen Strand |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;(2) Modelling, UFZ – Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig Halle, P.O. Box 500136, D-04301 Leipzig, Germany;(3) Present address: Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway |
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Abstract: | The search strategies dispersers employ to search for new habitat patches affect individuals’ search success and subsequently
landscape connectivity and metapopulation viability. Some evidence indicates that individuals within the same species may
display a variety of behavioural patch searching strategies rather than one species-specific strategy. This may result from
landscape heterogeneity. We modelled the evolution of individual patch searching strategies in different landscapes. Specifically,
we analysed whether evolution can favour different, co-existing, behavioural search strategies within one population and to
what extent this coexistence of multiple strategies was dependent on landscape configuration. Using an individual-based simulation
model, we studied the evolution of patch searching strategies in three different landscape configurations: uniform, random
and clumped. We found that landscape configuration strongly influenced the evolved search strategy. In uniform landscapes,
one fixed search strategy evolved for the entire spatially structured population, while in random and clumped landscapes,
a set of different search strategies emerged. The coexistence of several search strategies also strongly depended on the dispersal
mortality. We show that our result can affect landscape connectivity and metapopulation dynamics.
Co-ordinating editor: N. Yamamura |
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Keywords: | adaptive modelling dispersal evolution fragmented landscapes genetic algorithm individual-based model metapopulations patch searching strategies |
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