触觉受体NOMPC及听觉受体TMC的发现

人类感觉包括：视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉，还有温觉、痛觉等. 生物体是如何感知物理世界的问题一直吸引着人类，虽然在不同感知觉受体的发现及研究过程中不断取得新的突破性进展，但是对这些感知觉基础生物学层面的理解仍然有限. 2021年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予感知觉研究领域，以表彰David Julius和Ardem Patapoutian 在感知温度与触觉受体的发现上做出的深远而广泛的贡献. 对于听觉研究而言，虽然早在1961年就获得诺贝尔奖，但是听觉受体的研究仍然不足. 本文着重对无脊椎动物触觉及听觉受体NOMPC、哺乳动物听觉受体TMC的发现及研究进程进行详细介绍，并对未来感知觉领域的发展提供建议.

Discovery of Touch Receptor NOMPC and Hearing Receptor TMC

Human have several senses, including vision, touch, hearing, taste, smell and taste, as well as temperature and pain. How organisms perceive the physical world has always attracted people to explore. Although new breakthroughs have been made in the discovery and research of different sensory receptors, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of these sensation remain elusive. The 2021 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian for their profound contributions to the discovery of temperature sensing and tactile receptors. For hearing research, although it won the Nobel Prize as early as 1961, the research on hearing receptors is still insufficient. This article review focuses on the discovery and research process of touch and hearing receptor NOMPC in invertebrate and hearing receptor TMC in mammalian. And this review also provides suggestions for the development of sensory perception in the future.