HIV treatment models with time delay

The present paper shows possible effects of antiretroviral treatment on the dynamics of the spread of the disease of human immunodeficiency virus infection in a population of varying size. By introducing time delays, we model the latency period and the delayed onset of positive treatment effects in the patients. The Hopf bifurcation and stability behaviour of the delay differential-equation model are analysed and simulations for different scenarios depending on the size of the treatment-induced delay are presented, and the results are discussed in detail.