Zinc and insulin metabolism |
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Authors: | H-P Roth M Kirchgessner |
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Institution: | 1. Institut für Ern?hrungsphysiologie, Technische Universit?t, München, D-8050, Freising-Weihenstephan, Federal Republic of Germany
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Abstract: | A review of experimental studies of the effect of zinc nutrition on insulin metabolism is presented. In addition to a short
introduction to the synthesis, secretion, and action of insulin, the effects of zinc deficiency—specifically on glucose tolerance,
insulin secretion, insulin synthesis and storage, and on total insulin-like activity—are dealt with. The concentrations of
zinc and chromium in serum, pancreas, and liver are compared to those of zinc-deficient animals and pair-fed controls.
In contrast to pair-fed controls, zinc-deficient rats had unaltered proinsulin contents after glucose stimulation, but they
showed a diminished glucose tolerance, lowered serum insulin content, and an elevated total insulin-like activity. The serum
zinc concentration of the deficient animals was greatly reduced and did not change during glucose stimulation, whereas it
rose in the case of the pair-fed controls. The serum chromium concentration increased in both groups in response to glucose
stimulation. In the pancreas of the deficient animals, the zinc concentration was reduced 60% and it increased during the
glucose tolerance test. In the liver there were no significant differences. The chromium concentrations were elevated in both
the pancreas and liver of the zinc-deficient rats by 60 and 100%, respectively, and were not influenced by glucose injection.
These studies show clearly that nutritional zinc deficiency influences insulin metabolism and action. |
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Keywords: | Zn deficiency glucose tolerance insulin secretion insulin synthesis insulin storage serum Zn serum Cr insulin proinsulin Zn in pancreas Cr in pancreas liver Zn liver Cr diabetes mellitus and zinc |
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