Multi-site Analysis Reveals Widespread Antibiotic Resistance in the Marine Pathogen <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio vulnificus</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Craig Baker-Austin J V McArthur Angela H Lindell Meredith S Wright R Cary Tuckfield Jan Gooch Liza Warner James Oliver Ramunas Stepanauskas |
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Institution: | (1) Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, SC, USA;(2) Savannah River National Laboratory, Bldg. 773-42A, Aiken, SC, USA;(3) National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, SC, USA;(4) Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA;(5) Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay Harbor, ME, USA;(6) Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK |
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Abstract: | Vibrio vulnificus is a serious opportunistic human pathogen commonly found in subtropical coastal waters, and is the leading cause of seafood-borne
mortality in the USA. This taxon does not sustain prolonged presence in clinical or agricultural settings, where it would
undergo human-induced selection for antibiotic resistance. Therefore, few studies have verified the effectiveness of commonly
prescribed antibiotics in V. vulnificus treatment. Here we screened 151 coastal isolates and 10 primary septicaemia isolates against 26 antimicrobial agents representing
diverse modes of action. The frequency of multiple resistances to antibiotics from all sources was unexpectedly high, particularly
during summer months, and a substantial proportion of isolates (17.3%) were resistant to eight or more antimicrobial agents.
Numerous isolates demonstrated resistance to antibiotics routinely prescribed for V. vulnificus infections, such as doxycycline, tetracycline, aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. These resistances were detected at similar
frequencies in virulent and non-virulent strains (PCR-based virulence typing) and were present in septicaemia isolates, underlying
the public health implications of our findings. Among environmental isolates, there were no consistent differences in the
frequency of resistance between pristine and anthropogenically impacted estuaries, suggesting natural rather than human-derived
sources of resistance traits. This report is the first to demonstrate prevalent antibiotic resistance in a human pathogen
with no clinical reservoirs, implying the importance of environmental studies in understanding the spread, evolution and public
health relevance of antibiotic resistance factors.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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